Abstract
Endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum is a rich source of cellulases. In the present study, the highest activity was reported at 28 ° C, pH 5.6 with 2% Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as carbon source. CMC was purified using Sephadex G and DEAE cellulose chromatography to 15.9 folds and the molecular weight was determined to be 84 kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis and was subsequently characterized. The purified enzyme was stable over the pH range from 4.0 to 8.0 and at temperatures below 50 ° C. The enzyme was highly active on CMC and reduced or no activity on Avicel, cellobiose and it was suggested to be CMCase/endoglucanase. The activity of endoglucanase was enhanced in the presence of MgCl2, CoCl2, FeCl3, CaCl2, FeCl2 and intensive to HgCl2. The purified enzyme showed its optimum activity at pH 5.0 - 6.0 and was quite stable at 50 ° C for 30 min and retained 45% of original activity.
Highlights
The most important source of carbon on this planet is cellulose, and is being synthesized by both land plants and marine algae at the rate of 0.85 × 1011 tonnes per annum [1,2]
Different carbon sources used for the cellulase production were wheat straw, wheat bran, crystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
Among them the best Carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity was recorded with 2% CMC (16.8 U/ml) followed by 2% wheat bran (11.5 U·mg−1) where as wheat straw and crystalline cellulose does not showed any marked activity (Figure 2)
Summary
The most important source of carbon on this planet is cellulose, and is being synthesized by both land plants and marine algae at the rate of 0.85 × 1011 tonnes per annum [1,2]. Cellulases have been widely used in various industries such as agriculture, bioconversion, detergents, fermentation, food, pulp and paper and textile for biomass and genetic engineering [7,8,9] Throughout the biospshere these cellulases are distributed and are being manifested in microbes such as bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes [10,11,12]. Various workers reported that the production costs of cellulases are highly associated with the microbial strains capable of its production [18,19] Various factors such as pH, temperature, incubation period, cations, carbon, and nitrogen sources are responsible for the yield of enzyme production [20,21]
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