Abstract
Due to the increasing reports of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) from livestock in recent years, the European Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistances (EURL-AR) provided a protocol for their recovery from caecum and meat samples. This procedure exhibited limitations for the detection of CPE with low carbapenem MIC values. Therefore, it was modified by a second, selective enrichment in lysogeny broth with cefotaxime (CTX 1 mg/L) and with meropenem (MEM 0.125 mg/L) at 37 °C under microaerophilic conditions. By Real-time PCR, these enrichments are pre-screened for the most common carbapenemase genes. Another adaptation was the use of in-house prepared MacConkey agar with MEM and MEM+CTX instead of commercial selective agar. According to the EURL-method, we achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity using the in-house media instead of commercial agar, which decreased the sensitivity to ~75%. Comparing the method with and without the second enrichment, no substantial influence on sensitivity and specificity was detected. Nevertheless, this enrichment has simplified the CPE-isolation regarding the accompanying microbiota and the separation of putative colonies. In conclusion, the sensitivity of the method can be increased with slight modifications.
Highlights
The World Health Organization defines carbapenems as ‘High Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials’ for human medicine [1]
Modification of the EURL-Protocol for Isolation of CP E. coli from Caeca Samples
In order to determine the number of bacteria that survived the prevailing condition in the pig feces, the recovery rate of the bacteria in feces was determined after storage at 6 ◦ C
Summary
The World Health Organization defines carbapenems as ‘High Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials’ for human medicine [1]. This is due to their role in the treatment of severe human infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria. In European countries carbapenems are not licensed for use in veterinary medicine. Carbapenems may be used in specific circumstances in companion animals [2,3]. An increasing number of carbapenem resistant enterobacteria, including carbapenemaseproducers, have been reported [4]. The reports are limited to human medicine [4,5,6] as carbapenem-resistant bacteria
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