Isolation of Salmonella Typhimuriumin from Some Psittaciformes Species and Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Genes In Egypt

Abstract

This study was conducted to isolate and identify Salmonella as one of important zoonotic microorganisms from different spp. of captive bred psittaciformes. A total of 300 psittaciformes (were collected from private wildlife farms, pet shops and households) belonging to 15 different species were clinically examined and samples, ((219) fecal samples, (72) cloacal samples and internal organs (intestine, liver, lung, spleen and kidney) from 9 freshly dead birds) were taken for detection of salmonella infections using traditional methods of isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on inv A gene as a confirmatory accurate technique on isolated strains, estimation of the antibiotic susceptibility and detection of resistance genes. The result revealed that, the incidence of the infection constituted 3.33% (10 isolates) of total number of investigated psittacine birds and the most common affected psittacines were (5) rosy-faced lovebirds, (4) budgerigars and (1) green rosella which were bought from illegal wildlife trafficking. All 10 isolates were Salmonella Typhimurium confirmed by PCR based on invA gene. The antibiotic sensitivity tests revealed that, all 10 isolates were highly susceptible (100%) in vitro to amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and gentamycin, while 100% of the isolates exhibited complete resistance to doxycycline and sul./ trimethprim. Detection of resistance genes was tested by PCR targeting (tet1, tet 2, sul 1and sul2) antimicrobial genes. Resistant genes were detected of Salmonella Typhimuruim isolates. (6) Against tetracycline A tet A gene, (7) tetracycline gene B tet B and (7) sulphonamide gene 1 sul 1, meanwhile all strains were negative for sul 2 resistant gene.