Abstract
Bacteriophages are being the subject of interest for alternative antimicrobial therapy for infectious diseases in recent years. Therapeutic effectiveness regarding phage therapy is a matter of concern since it is the most promising biological treatment of this era. Hence, the present study was aimed to isolate the potential bacteriophages present in river water samples and to analyze their host range among clinical strains of bacteria. Ten different locations of Kathmandu valley were selected for the collection of river water for the detection of probable phages. Bacteriophages were isolated from water samples using the double agar overlay method. Isolated phages were purified by diluting in the SM-buffer and filtering through 0.22 μm filter. Purified lysate was further processed for analyzing its host range by using spot method. Their host range was characterized against 20 bacterial strains, including multidrug-resistant. Total 67 different phages were isolated against 8 different host organisms. Out of them, forty-seven phages were selected for analyzing its host range. Among them, Serratia phages (ΦSER) had the broad host range infecting 17 different bacterial strains including multidrug-resistant harboring ESBL and MBL genotypes. However, Klebsiella phages (ΦKP) had narrow host range in comparison to other phages. Isolated phages had the potential effect against clinical strains of bacteria along with their broader host spectrum. Most importantly, promising effect against MDR pathogens in this study has raised the probable chances of the utility of these phages for biological control of bacterial infection including MBL and ESBL strains.
Highlights
Dissemination of multidrug resistance among bacterial strains has posed a significant threat to public health confronting the routine treatment of infectious diseases [1, 2]
Total ten river water samples were collected from different locations of Kathmandu valley
Using 8 different bacterial strains as host organisms, 67 phages were isolated from ten river water samples by double agar overlay method
Summary
Dissemination of multidrug resistance among bacterial strains has posed a significant threat to public health confronting the routine treatment of infectious diseases [1, 2]. It necessitates the incessant endeavors to develop a promising alternative for treating infectious diseases and reducing the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance among pathogens [4, 5]. Bacteriophages (“phages” for short) possess novel mode of action compared to that of antibacterial regimens, as they selectively infect pathogenic bacteria including multidrugresistant pathogens (in vivo and in vitro) [8]. They are ecologically safe and effective in lower doses and do not show adverse reactions on their application in human body [1, 9]. Ability of lytic phages against multidrug-resistant bacteria producing hydrolytic enzymes including extended spectrum
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