Abstract
BackgroundStem cells isolated from amniotic fluid are known to be able to differentiate into different cells types, being thus considered as a potential tool for cellular therapy of different human diseases. In the present study, we report a novel single step protocol for the osteoblastic differentiation of human amniotic fluid cells.ResultsThe described protocol is able to provide osteoblastic cells producing nodules of calcium mineralization within 18 days from withdrawal of amniotic fluid samples. These cells display a complete expression of osteogenic markers (COL1, ONC, OPN, OCN, OPG, BSP, Runx2) within 30 days from withdrawal. In order to test the ability of these cells to proliferate on surfaces commonly used in oral osteointegrated implantology, we carried out cultures onto different test disks, namely smooth copper, machined titanium and Sandblasted and Acid Etching titanium (SLA titanium). Electron microscopy analysis evidenced the best cell growth on this latter surface.ConclusionThe described protocol provides an efficient and time-saving tool for the production of osteogenic cells from amniotic fluid that in the future could be used in oral osteointegrated implantology.
Highlights
Stem cells isolated from amniotic fluid are known to be able to differentiate into different cells types, being considered as a potential tool for cellular therapy of different human diseases
Different reports have demonstrated that presence in human amniotic fluid of stem cells (AFS) able to differentiate into multiple lineages [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
Osteoblastic differentiation was obtained in the present study using two different culture protocols of amniotic fluid cells
Summary
Stem cells isolated from amniotic fluid are known to be able to differentiate into different cells types, being considered as a potential tool for cellular therapy of different human diseases. We report a novel single step protocol for the osteoblastic differentiation of human amniotic fluid cells. Different reports have demonstrated that presence in human amniotic fluid of stem cells (AFS) able to differentiate into multiple lineages [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Osteoblastic progenitors obtained from amniotic fluid could be used to engineer the craniofacial structures whose natural development is regulated by mesenchymal cells originating from the neural crest, avoiding long and difficult therapies of bone augmentation with intra-oral or extra oral donor site [19,20]. In order to obtain the best results in craniofacial tissue engineering, great relevance is assumed by the use of scaffolds able to accommodate cell growth and tissue genesis. Implants with different surface treatments are investigated to define the best surface morphology for a good osteoblastic cell proliferation and osseointegration around implant [21,22,23,24,25]
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