Abstract
Nanocellulose is a new class of derivatives of cellulose, which is characterized by high crystallinity, surface area, degree of dispersion, ability to decomposition by microorganisms and etc. There is high attention solving problems of obtaining nanocellulose and its application as high quality filler for polymers, biodegradable materials, additives for papers, clotting dispersion and etc. Obtaining of particles of nanosized nanostructure on the base cellulose, studying of processes of their formation, properties and creation nanotechnology on this basis give the chance to obtain materials with unique properties. In this work nanocellulose was obtained from cotton cellulose by hydrolysis with sulfuric acid, ultrasonic dispersion and microwave irradiation. The properties and structure of nanocellulose are investigated by AFM, IR-spectroscopic, X-ray methods. Nanocellulose has rod-like shape with sizes 50 - 300 nm in length and 10 - 40 nm in diameters and spherical shape with sizes 50 - 300 nm depending on the synthesis conditions of obtaining. Quantum-chemical methods have been used to calculate the electronic characteristics of nanocellulose; the change in the energy difference between HOMO and LUMO is shown, showing the change in reactivity and the manifestation of specific properties.
Highlights
IntroductionNanocellulose (NC) is a new class of derivatives of cellulose, which is characterized by high crystallinity and surface area, and ability to degradation by micro-
Nanocellulose is a new class of derivatives of cellulose, which is characterized by high crystallinity, surface area, degree of dispersion, ability to decomposition by microorganisms and etc
Nanocellulose (NC) is a new class of derivatives of cellulose, which is characterized by high crystallinity and surface area, and ability to degradation by micro
Summary
Nanocellulose (NC) is a new class of derivatives of cellulose, which is characterized by high crystallinity and surface area, and ability to degradation by micro-. It is obvious that micro fibrillated nanocellulose (MFC) shape is sheet-like while microcrystalline cellulose exists in two forms: spherical and whisker. Mechanism of obtaining NC usually is explained by acid hydrolysis of amorphous domains of cellulose, while the more persistent nanocrystallite remains intact and can be isolated in the form of rod-like particles. This mechanism does not explain why nanoparticles cannot be isolated even after intensive mechanical disintegration of cellulose hydrolyzing diluted acid solutions to limit the degree of polymerization [16]. Electronic parameters associated with the orbitals in the molecule are the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lower free molecular orbital (LUMO) (energy and symmetry) can give us an idea of the main processes of proton and electron transfer in the excited state
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