Abstract
Averrhoa bilimbi is a fast-growing tree widely found in countries of tropical Asia. Due to easy accessibility and traditional knowledge, various parts of this plant are adopted as folk medicine and a natural health remedy. Recently, beneficial effects of bilimbi in combating obesity including its potential antihyperlipidemic and hypoglycemic activities have been discovered. This paper reports the successive isolation and purification of bioactive compounds from the leaf of bilimbi that corresponds to brown adipocyte activation. Bilimbi ethanolic extract underwent bioassay-guided partitioning and fractionation. The n-hexane partition exhibited highest brown adipogenesis potential via adipomyocytes differentiation. Further isolation of this active partition yielded 10 fractions. Active fractions with the highest brown adipogenesis potential were further evaluated via the adipomyocytes assay. Chemical structures of the constituents were elucidated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Major phytocomponents in the n-hexane partition include hexadecanoic acid, phytol, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)- and squalene.
Highlights
Averrhoa bilimbi, known as bilimbi by locals, is widely found in many countries of tropical Asia including Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and India
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) and White adipose tissue (WAT) are originated from distinct lineages, the plasticity of WAT allows brown adipocyte-like cells to emerge upon appropriate and adequate stimulation
3.2 Flash Column Chromatography and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) Flash column chromatography was conducted on the plant extract with an equilibration solvent ratio of n-Hex and EtOAc (95:5)
Summary
Known as bilimbi by locals, is widely found in many countries of tropical Asia including Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and India. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) on the other hand plays specific roles in promoting energy expenditure and maintaining body temperature via heat generation. BAT and WAT are originated from distinct lineages, the plasticity of WAT allows brown adipocyte-like cells to emerge upon appropriate and adequate stimulation. This process is termed “browning” or “beiging” of WAT, which induces thermogenesis in cellular and animal models.[7,8,9] Fundamental to the development of obesity is an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure. Please include literature review on the phytochemicals of Averrhoa bilimbi
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