Abstract
A new small cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complex (scRNPs) was isolated for the first time and its proteins and RNAs were identified. The results are summarised as follows: 1. (1) Vicia faba seeds soaked for 20 h has four complexes between the RNA and the proteins, three of them are major (complexes 1, 2 and 3 or C1, C2 and C3) and one minor (C4). 2. (2) Each complex contains two major proteins: complex 1 (C1) has 62 and 48 kDa patterns; C2 has 48 and 36 kDa; C3 has 36 and 25 kDa and C4 has 25 and 23 kDa. 3. (3) The differences between the highest molecular weight major proteins of each complex are approximately 12 ± 1 kDa (C1 has 62 kDa, C2 has 48 kDa, C3 has 36 kDa and the complex has 25 kDa). 4. (4) Each of the three major complexes contain the same species of uridine-rich RNA which was characterised as U1, U4, U5 and U6, in addition to the proteins mentioned above. 5. (5) The RNA in the complexes was found to be from the type of uridine-rich small ribonucleic acids that bind with proteins. They are called small ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and because they are found for the first time in cytoplasm and not extracted from the nucleus as in the literature, the name small cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins (scRNPs) is suggested. 6. (6) The complexes were separated by a known method. 7. (7) The complexes were also separated using a new technique of separation. 8. (8) The RNA-protein complexes (scRNPs) were found to be strongly stable in guanidine-HCl (6 m), cyanobromide and sodium dodecyl sulphate (10%) at 100°C for 10 min. The complexes were slightly affected by proteinase K degrading enzyme and strongly stable with RNasel, which hydrolyses the ribonucleic acids. 9. (9) The results reveal that the proteins in the complexes have a specific function or enzymatic effect. Also, the uridine-rich RNAs (snRNA) U1, U4, U5 and U6 which are the same scRNA were found to have an important role in the splicing of the pre-mRNA to give mRNA.
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