Abstract
This study was carried out for the evaluation of causative agents of dental plaques which leads to dental caries. A total of 76 samples collected from the dental caries patients of various age and sex were processed on different bacterial isolation media like Tryptose Soya Agar, Nutrient Agar, and MacConkey Agar. Total viable count of bacteria was ranged from 0.8×105 to 2.9×105. Out of total 184 isolates bacterial species were Streptococcus mutans (28.80%), Streptococcus mitis (23.91%), Staphylococcus aureus (28.26%) and Streptococcus salivarius (19.02%). The biochemical properties of the isolates were tested according to Bergeys Manual of Systematic Bacteriology and UK Standards for Microbiology Investigation. Antibiotic Susceptibility testing of different species of bacteria were performed according to Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method on Muller Hinton Agar by using commercial antibiotic discs. Effect of the bacterial isolates on different age groups was studied where the age group of 26 to 35 years was found to have highest prevalence (32.60%) of infection while the lowest prevalence (10.86%) of infection was seen in the group of below 15 years of age. A relative study was also performed on caries patients according to their economic status and gender where Higher Middle Economic Class was in highest percentage (35.32%) of infection. Different species of bacteria showed various sensitivity patterns to several kinds of antibiotics. Regular use of tooth paste containing triclosan and fluoride may be beneficial for prevention of dental caries instead of using antibiotics presented in this study.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 244-253
Highlights
Human oral cavity is usually having certain temperature and moisture as well as containing different nutritional compound such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins that shelter the growth of normal flora and sometimes playing as an incubator for some pathogenic bacteria (Gibbons et al 1990; Mohapatra et al 2012)
There are a large number of bacterial species which are responsible for causing dental plaques and dental caries
The results acquired from the microorganisms amalgamated with dental plaques and dental caries asserted that the total aerobic counts for the sample site 1 ranged from 1.6×105 to 2.9×105 cfu/ml of samples where sample site 2 ranged from 0.8×105 to 1.9×105 cfu/ml of samples and sample site 3 ranged from 1.1×105 to 2.6×105 cfu/ml of samples
Summary
Human oral cavity is usually having certain temperature and moisture as well as containing different nutritional compound such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins that shelter the growth of normal flora and sometimes playing as an incubator for some pathogenic bacteria (Gibbons et al 1990; Mohapatra et al 2012). In early stage bacteria usually brace to the substratum of the teeth. The growth and multiplication of bacteria colonize the surrounding area of teeth and initiate the formation of biofilm by agglomerating into long chain. That agglomeration of latent and actively growing bacterial colonies form complex heterogeneous structure with the aid of their enzymes and excretory products (Mohapatra et al 2012).
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