Abstract
ABSTRACT: Marine algae are natural sources of macromolecules known as sulfated polysaccharides. This class of compounds has attracted the interest of Pharmaceutical Sciences due to its pharmacological anticoagulant, antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties. Therefore, this study evaluated the anticoagulant potential of sulfated polysaccharides extracted from the algae Penicillus capitatus. The extracted sulfated polysaccharides were purified, partially characterized and their anticoagulant activity was evaluated. The extraction process followed by ethanol precipitation resulted in five fractions. Among the analyzed fractions, F44 contained highest concentration of sulfated polysaccharides. After the purified fraction F23, F44 displayed in vitro anticoagulant activity in a time testing for activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. The preferential mechanism effect was based on interactions between thrombin and factor Xa. Additional studies on structure pharmacological are required to test the viability of the use of sulfated polysaccharides as therapeutic agents.
Highlights
Thousands of new substances have been identified in marine organisms in the last three decades, revealing their potential as a prototype source displaying biological activity (TEIXEIRA, 2009)
Extraction, pre-purification and preliminary analysis of sulfated polysaccharides (SP) extracted from P. capitatus
Five SP fractions extracted from the green algae P. capitatus precipitated in increasing ethanol concentrations; and subsequently, purified by anion exchange chromatography were obtained in the present study
Summary
Thousands of new substances have been identified in marine organisms in the last three decades, revealing their potential as a prototype source displaying biological activity (TEIXEIRA, 2009). The main families constituting this class are sulphated galactans, sulfated fucans and heteropolysaccharides (HAROUN-BOUHEDJA et al, 2000). These molecules are bioactive and display significant potential in medical, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology applications. The SP of several seaweed species have been studied and tested and a sulfated galactan displaying more powerful anticoagulant activity than unfractionated heparin has been identified (FARIAS et al, 2008; FARIAS, et al, 2001). Heparin is the most widely applied antithrombotic agent in clinical practice as a systemic therapy in cardiovascular or thromboembolic diseases It is the greatest example of an SP with anticoagulant activity, directly related to its structure, such as a glycosidic bond, sulfation pattern, monosaccharide composition and molecular weight (BLOSSOM et al, 2008). In vitro anticoagulant SP activities were evaluated and its mechanism of action was partially elucidated by enzymatic assays
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