Abstract
This work utilizes hybrid isolation enhancement techniques to design a highly isolated two-port polarization diversity (PD)-based multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna. Initially, an epsilon-negative transmission line-inspired antenna with circular polarization (CP) radiation is designed. Further, the same antenna is converted into a two-element MIMO configuration with an edge-to-edge spacing of 8.35 mm between the antenna elements. Higher antenna isolation is obtained mainly due to two factors. Initially, multiple defected ground structure-based slots are inserted in the antenna ground plane to improve the antenna isolation by 23.5 dB. Secondly, placing an epsilon-and-mu-near-zero-based metasurface superstrate above the two-port MIMO configuration results in bandwidth ranges from 4.768.4.92 GHz and higher isolation of 51 dB. The antenna provides a maximum gain of 6.27 dBi at 4.78 GHz and radiation efficiency better than 85% in the complete working band. Finally, for analyzing the antenna performance in an actual environmental condition, the multilayer MIMO antenna is covered with a Teflon cavity provides a maximum dimension of 0.84 λ0× 0.38 λ0 ×0.16 λ0 at 4.8 GHz. Furthermore, the MIMO antenna port-1 provides right-handed CP radiation, while port-2 provides left-handed CP radiation, confirming the PD performance.
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