Isolation, Culture, and Application of Marine Microalga Dunaliella salina (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae) as an Aqua Feed Additive

Abstract

Microalgae are microscopic unicellular organisms capable to convert solar energy to chemical energy via photosynthesis. They contain numerous bioactive compounds that can be harnessed for commercial use. The potential of microalgal photosynthesis for the production of valuable compounds or for energetic use is widely recognized due to their more efficient utilization of sunlight energy as compared with higher plants. Microalgae can be used to produce a wide range of metabolites such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, carotenoids, or vitamins for health, food and feed additives, cosmetics, and energy production (Adams et al. 2009). However, microalgal biotechnology only really began to develop in the middle of the last century. Nowadays, there are numerous commercial applications of microalgae such as microalgae can be used to enhance the nutritional value of food and animal feed owing to their chemical composition; they play a crucial role in aquaculture. Moreover, they are cultivated as a source of highly valuable molecules. For example, polyunsaturated fatty acid oils are added to infant formulas and nutritional supplements, and pigments are important as aqua feed additive.