Isolation, characterization and multiplex PCR development of Bean Goose (Anser fabalis) microsatellite loci

Abstract

DNA from non-invasively collected samples may be used to identify individuals for monitoring birds. Here we describe 36 novel microsatellite loci from Bean Goose (Anser fabalis) identified using a next-generation sequencing approach. From 34 variable loci, we selected 12 tetranucleotide loci with short amplicon sizes, combined these into two multiplex PCR sets, and included a sex-typing marker. In 31 Bean Geese from a population in central Norway, we found 4–10 alleles per locus and observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.58 to 0.87. The combined probability of identity for the 12 loci was 6.5 × 10−13. These novel microsatellite loci and their multiplex PCR assays will be useful for genetic analyses of the Bean Goose, including typing of non-invasive samples such as molted feathers. Cross-species application of the two multiplex PCR assays revealed that all 12 loci amplified successfully in four other Anser species.