Abstract
The following study reports on the first thraustochytrid isolates identified from Iceland. They were collected from three different locations off the northern coast of the country (Location A, Skagaströnd; Location B, Hveravík; and Location C, Eyjafjörður). Using 18S rDNA sequence analysis, isolates from Locations A and B were identified within the Thraustochytrium kinnei species while other isolates within the Sicyoidochytrium minutum species when compared to other known strains. Cells isolated from Locations A ( g/L) and B ( g/L) produced more biomass than the ones isolated from Location C ( g/L). This study offers the first-time examination of the utility of byproducts from fisheries as a nitrogen source in media formulation for thraustochytrids. Experiments showed that isolates produced more biomass (per unit of substrate) when cultured on nitrogen of marine ( g/L) as compared to of commercial origin ( g/L). Glycerol ( g/L) was a better carbon source than glucose ( g/L) in growth studies. Fatty acid (FA) profiles showed that the isolates from Location C (S. minutum) had low ratios of monounsaturated () and omega-6 () FAs. However, the isolates also had high ratios of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; ) and total omega-3 FAs (), indicating that they could serve as a source of marine oils for human consumption and in aquaculture feeds. The T. kinnei isolates from Location A could be used in biodiesel production due to their high ratios of monounsaturated () long chain () FAs.
Highlights
Thraustochytriaceae are a family of microorganisms under the Labyrinthulomycetes class (e.g., [1])
polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are fundamental to a balanced diet and being deficient in these nutrients can have a negative impact on health [11,12]
Analysis of global sequence diversity showed that new isolates from Locations A and B clustered with Thraustochytrium kinnei, while isolates from Location C were affiliated with the Sicyoidochytrium minutum species with statistical support (Figure 1 and Figure S1)
Summary
Thraustochytriaceae (common name thraustochytrids) are a family of microorganisms under the Labyrinthulomycetes class (e.g., [1]). After their discovery, labyrinthulids [2] and thraustochytrids [3]. Despite the ongoing decline of global fisheries that began in the late 20th century [8], the major sources of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) remain seafood and fish oils. PUFAs are fundamental to a balanced diet and being deficient in these nutrients can have a negative impact on health [11,12]. PUFAs are important in aquaculture feeds, for the benefit of the consumer and for the health of the cultured fish [13].
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