Isolation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of a Fucoidan from an Enzymatic Digest of the Edible Seaweed, Hizikia fusiforme.

Lei Wang,Hye-Won Yang,Jae Young Oh,Min-Cheol Kang,You-Jin Jeon,Hyo Geun Lee,K K Asanka Sanjeewa,Thilina U Jayawardena

doi:10.3390/antiox9050363

Abstract

The previous study suggested that the sulfated polysaccharides from Hizikia fusiforme (HFPS) possess strong antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study is to isolate fucoidan from HFPS and to investigate its antioxidant activity. A fucoidan (HFPS-F4) with a molecular weight of 102.67 kDa was isolated from HFPS. HFPS-F4 contains 99.01% of fucoidan (71.79 ± 0.56% of carbohydrate and 27.22 ± 0.05% of sulfate content). The fucoidan increased the viability of H2O2-treated Vero cells by 5.41, 11.17, and 16.32% at the concentration of 12.5, 25, and 50 μg/mL, respectively. Further results demonstrated that this effect act diminishing apoptosis by scavenging intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) via increasing the expression of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes, which was induced by elevating total nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) levels. In addition, the in vivo test results displayed that the pretreatment of fucoidan improved the survival rates and decreased heart-beating rate, ROS, cell death, and lipid peroxidation in H2O2-stimulated zebrafish. Taken together, these results demonstrated that fucoidan isolated from HFPS has strong in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities and it could be utilized in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical industries.

Highlights

Oxidative stress is an imbalance condition between the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)production and scavenging in the body [1]
These polysaccharides possess strong free radical scavenging activity and shown stronger effect on hydroxyl radical compared with another radicals (Figure 1B)
0.27 mg/mL; scavenged 32.98% of hydroxyl radical at the 1.0 mg/mL [37]. These results indicated that the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides from H. fusiforme may relate to its carbohydrate and sulfate composition

Summary

Introduction

Oxidative stress is an imbalance condition between the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)production and scavenging in the body [1]. Oxidative stress is an imbalance condition between the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are naturally produced during the aerobic metabolism and scavenged by the antioxidant defense system. The balance between ROS generation and scavenging could be broken down by the environmental stresses such as chemical, fine dust particles, and ultraviolet irradiation [2,3,4,5]. An excess of ROS could damage cellular organelles and biomacromolecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids [6]. The accumulation of intracellular damage leads to cell dysfunction and further induces various diseases, including Alzheimer disease, abnormal aging, cancer, diabetes, inflammation, and liver injury [7]. To discover the compounds with strong ROS scavenging activity but non-toxicity, may be a realistic strategy for prevention or treatment of the diseases caused by oxidative stress.

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