Abstract
Microbes are prolific sources of bioactive molecules; however, the cultivability issue has severely hampered access to microbial diversity. Novel secondary metabolites from as-yet-unknown or atypical microorganisms from extreme environments have realistic potential to lead to new drugs with benefits for human health. Here, we used a novel approach that mimics the natural environment by using a Miniaturized Culture Chip allowing the isolation of several bacterial strains from Antarctic shallow water sediments under near natural conditions. A Gram-negative Antarctic bacterium belonging to the genus Aequorivita was subjected to further analyses. The Aequorivita sp. genome was sequenced and a bioinformatic approach was applied to identify biosynthetic gene clusters. The extract of the Aequorivita sp. showed antimicrobial and anthelmintic activity towards Multidrug resistant bacteria and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This is the first multi-approach study exploring the genomics and biotechnological potential of the genus Aequorivita that is a promising candidate for pharmaceutical applications.
Highlights
The total number of bacterial species in the world is estimated to vary from 107 to 109 [1], but most of them have never been cultivated
To evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the Aequorivita sp. extracts, samples were placed into a 96-well microtiter plate at initial concentration of 1000 mg/mL
Due to the lack of information on the genus Aequorivita, the whole genome’s of Aequorivita sp., A. lipolytica Collection of Institut Pasteur (CIP) 107455T and A. antarctica CIP 107457T strains were sequenced and subjected to a genome mining approach in order to identify the presence of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs)
Summary
The total number of bacterial species in the world is estimated to vary from 107 to 109 [1], but most of them have never been cultivated. Antarctica and the surrounding oceans represent an untapped area for exploring biodiversity and potentially unknown organisms adapted to the extreme living conditions These extremophiles exhibit physical and chemical adaptations not found elsewhere on the planet [14]. We report the isolation of a poorly investigated strain of Aequorivita sp., from Antarctic shallow water sediments by employing the MCC method, as well as its whole genome sequencing, the analysis of the biosynthetic gene clusters and the evaluation of its antimicrobial and anthelmintic potential. To our knowledge, this is the first study exploring the genus Aequorivita for its bioactivity
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