Isolation and structure elucidation of a new oleanane type glycoside from the aerial portion of Cestrum nocturnum

Humaira Inayat,Mubeen Rani,Murad Ali Khan,Viqar Uddin Ahmad,Ikhtiar Khan

doi:10.4314/bcse.v34i1.13

Abstract

Cestrum nocturnum (Solanaceae) is an ornamental plant cultivated in various parts of the world due to its sweet-scented white flowers. It is commonly called night-blooming Jessamine (Raat ki Rani). The genus is known for its toxicity to feedents. The leaves may cause uneasiness in animals which may lead to severe gastroenteritis. The plant is known to be a rich source of pharmacologically active saponins. Looking to its various pharmacological activities as reported, the plant was explored for the isolation of new phytochemicals. During the process, a new oleanen type glycoside was isolated from the butanolic fraction of the leaves of Cestrum nocturnum and was characterized as 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside-olean-12-en-28-oic acid-28-O-β-arabinopyranosyl-(1-3)-β-D-galacto-pyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, along with two reported compounds nocturnoside A and karativoside A. The structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry.  Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(1), 141-148. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i1.13

Highlights

Cestrum is an important genus of the Family Solanaceae, native to tropical America and Australia and is cultivated in various parts of the world for ornamental purpose due to their sweet-scented white flowers [1]
There are 175 species belonging to genus Cestrum that are native to tropical America and Australia
Cestrum nocturnum leaf and flower, if ingested cause uneasiness in animals which may lead to severe gastroenteritis and is larvicidal [5]

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Cestrum is an important genus of the Family Solanaceae, native to tropical America and Australia and is cultivated in various parts of the world for ornamental purpose due to their sweet-scented white flowers [1]. In Pakistan four cultivated species of the genus Cestrum exists, that includes C. aurantiacum, C. diurnum, C. nocturnum, and C. parqui [2]. They are commonly known as Cestrum or jessamine due to their fragrant flowers. Some interesting and high molecular weight saponins have been isolated from the species. Phytochemicals from this genus exhibit wide range of pharmacological significances in skin disorders and treating arterial hypotension. They are used as antiviral, analgesic, abortive, diuretic, antispasmodic, dyspeptic, smooth muscle relaxant, negative inotropic and chronotropic agent [11,12,13]. The new structure is a bisdesmosidic glycoside of oleanolic acid [16] with one sugar unit attached at C-3 and other oligosaccharide units to C-28

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

C CH CH2 CH2 C CH C CH2 CH C C CH2 CH2 C CH CH2 C CH2 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 C

CH2OH O