Abstract
The activity of ship dismantling is one of the sources of metal pollutant that polluted the environment. The aims of this study were analyze the iron concentration from the ship dismantling area, to isolate the bacteria from those area, and to determine the bacteria resistant on iron. Samplings was conducted in three point sampling at sea water and soil coast, respectively. Isolation of bacteria was carried out using pour plate methods. All isolated bacteria in seawater and soil samples were inoculated on nutrient agar medium (NA) containing ferrous metals (Fe2+) with various concentrations (0; 1,000; 2,000; 3,000; 4,000; 5,000; and 6,000 μg/mL). Based on the results, sea water and soil indicated that those area have contaminated with iron. The concentration of iron in seawater was 1.03, 1.01 and 1.00 μg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the concentration of iron in soil was 962.0, 966.05, 981.00 mg/kg, respectively. The result of qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that the isolates of AT, AL and CL coded bacteria have high resistance to the effect of iron. It indicated with clear zone of 6.00-7.00 mm at 6,000 μg/mL. In conclusion, both of bacteria are potential to be used for bioremediation of the ferrous metal (Fe2+) in further investigation.
Highlights
The activity of ship dismantling is one of the sources of metal pollutant in coastal areas and sea water
If there was no government regulation in the previous year, it can refer to the regulations internationally
Based on international standards from Australian Water Quality Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality, it was mentioned that the standard of Fe concentration in water is
Summary
The activity of ship dismantling is one of the sources of metal pollutant in coastal areas and sea water. The ship dismantling activities cause problems such as damage and pollution in coastal zones, seawater, and sediments at the demolition area. According to Yilmaz et al [2], the types of heavy metals that be found on the shipboard dismantling area were cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cuprum (Cu), iron (Fe), mangan (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zink (Zn). The rank of average concentration of heavy metals that be found in the ship dismantling area was Fe> Zn> Cu> Mn> Cd> Pb> Co> Ni> Cr [3]. The average concentration of Fe was the highest compared with the other heavy metals in the ship dismantling area. The average concentration of ferrous metals in the ship dismantling area was 11,932 μg/g to 41,361,71 μg/g [4]. Iron metal is one of the essential heavy metals that be needed by living organisms in certain amounts, but the excessive amounts of this metal can cause toxic effects [5]
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