Abstract
This study was designed to screen microorganisms from decomposing palm kernel shaft for cellulase palm oil processing sites in Akoko area of Ondo State, Nigeria. Isolation of microorganisms was carried out by serial dilution and pour plate methods andidentified using standard biochemical methods. The isolates were screened for cellulase production using standard assay methods. The microorganisms were grown in a mineral salt basal medium for maximum yield of cellulase production. The microorganisms isolated from the sample include Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus varians, M. leteus, Cellulomonas blazotes, C. flavigina, Sarcina ventriculi, B. cereus, C. fimi, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trichoderma viridae. The screened microorganisms exhibited varied cellulase activities. The diameters of zones of clearance of the isolates ranged from 1.45 to 1.83for bacteria and 0.00 to 2.06for fungi. The cellulase activity exhibited by bacteria ranged from 0.238 µmol/ml to 0.590 µmol/ml while fungal cellulase activity ranged from 0.452 µmol/ml to 0.775 µmol/ml. The high cellulase activity exhibited by fungi isolated from decomposing palm kernel shaft suggested that their predominance as a potential source of cellulase could be more promising in various industrial processes for the degradation of cellulose containing organic substances.
Highlights
The trend in human population and global quest for food for human sustenance in recent time through involvement in various agricultural practices has resulted in generation and accumulation of wastes in our environment [1]
The decomposing palm kernel shaft samples were collected from five different palm oil processing sites in Ikare-Akoko, Supare-Akoko, Oka-Akoko, Ayegunle-Akoko and Akungba-Akoko all in the northern part of Ondo State, Nigeria
The microorganisms isolated from the samples include the bacteria Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, B. amyloliquefaciens, Cellulomonas blazotes, C. flavigina, C. blazotes, Micrococcus varians, M. luteus, and Sarcina ventriculi, and the fungi Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trichoderma viridae (Tables 2 and 3)
Summary
The trend in human population and global quest for food for human sustenance in recent time through involvement in various agricultural practices has resulted in generation and accumulation of wastes in our environment [1]. Wastes generation from various agricultural practices, if not properly managed can contaminate or pollute the environment and water bodies which can result in disease outbreak. Some of these wastes could serve as good substrate for microbial growth with potent of enzymes biosynthesis for various industrial uses [2]. Various by-products are generated during palm oil processing They include the kernel surrounded by the hard shell, the shaft and the processing waste water. Some of these by-products can as well serve as raw materials of domestic and industrial importance. The kernel can be used for the production of vegetable oil while the shell is important in the production of shoe soles
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