Isolation and probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria from swine feces for feed additive composition

Katarzyna Marchwińska,Daniela Gwiazdowska

doi:10.1007/s00203-021-02700-0

Katarzyna Marchwińska, Daniela Gwiazdowska

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02700-0

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Abstract

Animal microbiota is becoming an object of interest as a source of beneficial bacteria for commercial use. Moreover, the escalating problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is threatening animals and humans; therefore, in the last decade intensive search for alternative antimicrobials has been observed. In this study, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from suckling and weaned pigs feces (376) and characterized to determine their functional properties and usability as pigs additives. Selection of the most promising LAB was made after each stage of research. Isolates were tested for their antimicrobial activity (376) and susceptibility to antibiotics (71). Selected LAB isolates (41) were tested for the production of organic acids, enzymatic activity, cell surface hydrophobicity and survival in gastrointestinal tract. Isolates selected for feed additive (5) were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and partial sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene, represented by Lentilactobacillus, Lacticaseibacillus (both previously classified as Lactobacillus) and Pediococcus genus. Feed additive prototype demonstrated high viability after lyophilization and during storage at 4 °C and − 20 °C for 30 days. Finally, feed additive was tested for survival in simulated alimentary tract of pigs, showing viability at the sufficient level to colonize the host. Studies are focused on obtaining beneficial strains of LAB with probiotic properties for pigs feed additive.

Highlights

The health-promoting effects of microorganisms have been the subject of intense research in the recent years, the possibilities of their usage are increasingly described (Braune and Blaut 2016; Bautista-Gallego et al 2017; Hidalgo-Cantabrana et al 2018)
Antibacterial activity was assessed towards chosen pathogens of the intestinal tract of pigs, human pathogens and some potentially pathogenic microorganisms
lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates antibacterial effect, both taking into account their activity spectrum and the degree of inhibition growth of indicator microorganisms (Table S1 in Supplementary material)

Summary

Introduction

The health-promoting effects of microorganisms have been the subject of intense research in the recent years, the possibilities of their usage are increasingly described (Braune and Blaut 2016; Bautista-Gallego et al 2017; Hidalgo-Cantabrana et al 2018). There is a great interest in using probiotic microorganisms as an alternative to antibiotics (Patterson and Burkholder 2003; Cheng et al 2014). These antimicrobials used as animal growth promoters were banned in 2006 in European Union countries due to the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and possibility of transmission of pathogens to humans Among the main threats in the food production chain, which pose a risk to human and animal health and life, are pathogenic microorganisms, their metabolites and, on the other hand overused antimicrobial substances (European Commission 2020). Probiotic bacteria have been increasingly used as supplements in the nutrition of farm animals of various species, mainly pigs, poultry, cows, sheep, horses as well as fur animals (Hill et al 2014; Yang et al 2015; Dowarah et al 2018a)

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