Abstract
A moderately thermophilic, facultatively chemolithoautotrophic thiobacillus isolated from a thermal sulphur spring is described. It differs from all other species currently known to be in culture. It grows lithoautotrophically on thiosulphate, trithionate or tetrathionate, which are oxidized to sulphate. Batch cultures on thiosulphate do not produce tetrathionate, but do precipitate elemental sulphur during growth. In autotrophic chemostat cultures the organism produces yields on thiosulphate, trithionate and tetrathionate that are among the highest observed for a Thiobacillus. Autotrophic cultures contain ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase. Heterotrophic growth has been observed only on complex media such as yeast extract and nutrient broth. It is capable of autotrophic growth and denitrification under anaerobic conditions with thiosulphate and nitrate. It grows between 30 to 55° C, and pH 7 to 9, with best growth at about 43°C and pH 7.6. It contains ubiquinone Q-8, and its DNA contains 65.7 mol% G+C. The organism is formally described and named as Thiobacillus aquaesulis.
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