Abstract
This study dealt with isolation of lignin from soft woods namely; Chromolaena odorata (Siam Weed) and Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican Sunflower) using alkali pretreatment method. The raw samples were characterized by some physico-chemical parameters before extraction. Chromolaena odorata gave higher lignin yield and lesser ash content of 15.12 % and 4.22 % respectively compared to Tithonia diversifolia with 7.40 % and 9.56 % respectively. The isolated lignins were characterized by some physico-chemical parameters and spectroscopy methods like Futran Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Lignin from Chromolaena odorata was found to be more pure than the one from Tithonia diversifolia as evident from the values of ash content (4.22%) and klason lignin (33.65 %) for Chromolaena odorata while ash content (9.56 %) and klason lignin (21.96 %) were obtained from Tithonia diversifolia. The FT-IR spectra of both lignins revealed the presence of syringyl and guaiacyl units.Keywords: Chromolaena odorata, Tithonia diversifolia, Lignin, FT-IR, Physico chemical parameters
Highlights
Lignin is a renewable material obtained in huge quantities as a by-product of the pulp industry
Physico-chemical properties of isolated lignin: The physico-chemical properties of isolated lignin from C. odorata and T. diversifolia are presented in Table 1.The pH of the C. odorata lignin and that of T. diversifolia lignin are acidic with the values of 4.57 and 4.28 respectively, which can be attributed to the
Lignin was extracted from C. odorata and T. diversifolia stems by soda pulping
Summary
Lignin is a renewable material obtained in huge quantities as a by-product of the pulp industry. It has mainly been used as a fuel and only a small amount has been isolated and commercialized. Worldwide, amount of lignin has been estimated at 2% and corresponds to 1 million tons per year (Ammar et al, 2014) This macromolecule is complex and it is widely accepted that the biosynthesis of lignin stems from the polymerization of three types of phenylpropane units, normally referred to as monolignols (Lipersguer et al, 2009). These units are coniferyl, sinapyl and p-coumaryl alcohols.
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