Isolation and Identification of Pathogen Bacteria Associated with Farm Animals

Abdulkadir Musliu,Sulaimon Adebisi,Samira Arzika,Fasiku Oluwafemi

doi:10.11648/j.ijbse.20210903.12

Abstract

Farm animals’ meat contributes significantly to the daily protein intake of many individuals but can also be a source of foodborne illnesses especially under the conditions in which animals are handled, slaughtered, transported and sold. The emergence and re-emergence of diseases due to pathogenic bacteria are the key issue of the new pattern of food trades. A total of twenty-one samples (VIS, FSA, STS, MSA, URS, UDS, and PES) were collected from farm animals from Rugga settlement of Birnin Kebbi. Some of the samples were collected using sterile swab stick while urine and stool samples were collected in sterile containers and were taken immediately to Microbiology Laboratory Waziri Umaru federal Polytechnic. The samples were bacteriologically analyzed and the isolates were identified using biochemical tests such as (indole, coagulase, catalase, urease, gluctose, lactose, maltose, motility, Voges Proskauer and methyl red). Fourteen bacterial species were isolated and identified as pathogens from the sheep samples. They are Gram positive bacteria such as Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus as well as Gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Shigella sp and Salmonella sp. The isolates were identified based on their reaction to biochemical tests. The findings revealed that sheep are potential vehicles for transmitting pathogenic bacteria and the presence of these microorganisms may lead to poisoning and can as well claim the live of the sheep from which they were isolated.

Highlights

Farm animal play an important role in the nutrition and income of people around the world
The mass production of small ruminant in the country is constrained by disease, inadequate nutrition, poor genetic resources of the local stock, marketing, social factors, structural constraints and a shortage of high level trained manpower [71]
Mohamed and Abdelsalam, [49] reported that respiratory tract infections were of common occurrence in various species of domestic and farm animals

Summary

Introduction

Farm animal play an important role in the nutrition and income of people around the world. They serve as source of meat, milk, skin and wool [36]. Farm Animal contributes significantly to the economy of farmers in the Mediterranean as well as African and Southeast Asian countries [18]. The mass production of small ruminant in the country is constrained by disease, inadequate nutrition, poor genetic resources of the local stock, marketing, social factors, structural constraints and a shortage of high level trained manpower [71]. Mohamed and Abdelsalam, [49] reported that respiratory tract infections were of common occurrence in various species of domestic and farm animals. Pathogenesis is multifactorial, and the diseases appear due to the interaction of infectious micro-organisms (bacteria, mycoplasma, viruses and fungi), host defense, environmental factors and stress [37,38,39]

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion