Isolation and identification of metronidazole resistance Helicobacter pylori from gastric patients in the southeastern region of India and its advanced antibacterial treatment using biological silver oxide nanoparticles

Abstract

The present study aimed to identify the drug resistance Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and its advanced treatment using Digiria muricata (Dm) leaf mediated silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2ONPs). The synthesized Dm-Ag2ONPs were confirmed by UV–visible spectrometry, X-ray diffraction crystallography (XRD), Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX). The fifty gastric biopsy samples were obtained from gastric patients in the Trichy SRM medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Central South-Eastern region of India, Trichy with Gastro endoscopy. H. pylori was identified by biopsy crush cytology, histopathology, rapid urease test, and biochemical tests. The resistance pattern was checked by the disk diffusion method. Among 50 biopsy samples, ten patients had positive results for culture, biochemical, and histopathology. The obtained strains showed 10% resistance to the metronidazole and 100% sensitivity toward amoxicillin and clarithromycin. Further, the metronidazole resistance strain was tested against Dm-Ag2ONPs using a well diffusion assay, which showed (25 μg/mL) 2.4 ± 0.4 and (100 μg/mL) 5.5 ± 0.5 mm antibacterial activity. Overall, the obtained results from the present investigation are promising enough to revels the effectiveness of Dm-Ag2ONPs to inhibit the metronidazole resistance H. pylori, this may help to develop a novel therapeutic drug against the drug resistance H. pylori infections.