Abstract
The biological control of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) is important to promote human health, environmental protection, and economic growth. Active algicidal compounds and algicidal mechanisms should be identified and investigated to control cyanoHABs. In this study, the algicidal actinobacterium Streptomyces sp. L74 was isolated from the soil of a nearby pond which located in the center lake of Guanghzou Higher Education Mega Center. Results showed that the algicidal activities of cyanoHABs are mainly achieved via an indirect attack by producing algicidal compounds. All active algicidal compounds are hydrophilic substances that are heat and pH stable. In the present study, an active compound (B3) was isolated and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and identified as a type of triterpenoid saponin (2-hydroxy-12-oleanene-3, 28-O-D-glucopyranosyl) with a molecular formula of C42H70O13 as determined by infrared spectrometry, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Active algicidal compounds from Streptomyces sp. L74 were shown to disrupt the antioxidant systems of Microcystis aeruginosa cells.
Highlights
The growth of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms has become a global concern as they threaten the environment, economy, and human health and require treatment to control pollution
Algicidal mechanisms, which may elucidate the variations in characteristics among different species of algicidal bacteria, are seldom determined [15]
Isolation of Algicidal Actinobacteria Soil samples were collected from the topsoil near the center lake of Guanghzou Higher Education Mega Center, where cyanobacterial blooms of M. aeruginosa usually form
Summary
The growth of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) has become a global concern as they threaten the environment, economy, and human health and require treatment to control pollution. CyanoHABs are biologically controlled by microorganisms exhibiting algicidal activities. These microorganisms kill cyanobacteria by attacking the cells either directly via cell-to-cell contact or indirectly via the release of algicidal compounds [5,6]. Pseudoalteromonas, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Ateromonas, and Micrococcus spp. are common algicidal microorganisms [3,6,7]. These bacteria secrete algicidal substances, including proteins, peptides, amino acids, antibiotics, nitrogenous compounds, and alkaloids [8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Algicidal mechanisms, which may elucidate the variations in characteristics among different species of algicidal bacteria, are seldom determined [15]
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