Abstract
In research on natural molecules with cytotoxic activity that can be used for the development of new anticancer agents, the cytotoxic activity of hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts from the roots of Acacia schaffneri against colon, lung, and skin cancer cell lines was explored. The hexane extract showed the best activity with an average IC50 of 10.6 µg mL−1. From this extract, three diterpenoids, phyllocladan-16α,19-diol (1), phyllocladan-16α-ol (2), and phylloclad-16-en-3-ol (3), were isolated and characterized by their physical and spectroscopic properties. Diterpenoids 1 and 2 were tested against the same cancer cell lines, as well as their healthy counterparts, CCD841 CoN, MRC5, and VH10, respectively. Compound 1 showed moderate activity (IC50 values between 24 and 70 μg mL−1), although it showed a selective effect against cancer cell lines. Compound 2 was practically inactive. The cytotoxicity mechanism of 1 was analyzed by cell cycle, indicating that the compound induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. This effect might be generated by DNA alkylation damage. In addition, compound 1 decreased migration of HT29 cells.
Highlights
Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide and it is one of the main causes of death [1].This type of chronic non-communicable diseases is among the most prominent human diseases
The hexane extract from the roots of schaffneri led to a precipitate, which was filtered to obtain a yellow powder thatlabeled was labeled the soluble concentrated named aobtain yellow powder that was (IP.R),(IP.R), whilewhile the soluble partpart waswas concentrated andand named as aasyellow powder that was labeled (IP.R), while thetosoluble part was concentrated and namedand as (SP.R)
We reported the isolation and the cytotoxic activity of seco-oxacassanes isolated from the aerial parts of A. schaffneri [9,10]
Summary
Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide and it is one of the main causes of death [1]. This type of chronic non-communicable diseases is among the most prominent human diseases. It has become a major health problem in past decades and is the second leading cause of death globally. Studies from all over the world indicate that patients with cancer commonly resort to alternative therapies as a simultaneous resource to find a cure, in these medicinal plants [6]. In urban areas of Mexico, more than 30% of patients diagnosed
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