Abstract
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Gansu Corridor of China with distinct geographic and climatic conditions are remote and less disturbed by humans, in which are likely to find some new strains of fungal entomopathogens against B-biotype whiteflies that is a very important invading pest worldwide. In this research, nineteen strains among six species of entomogenous fungi were isolated from the soil samples collected from 32 locations in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Gansu Corridor. From the data of isolation rates, it was indicated that the good biodiversity of entomogenous fungi was found in the soil covered good vegetations. On the contrary, no strains were isolated from the desert areas. In addition, the dominant species, Isaria fumosorosea and Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are different from the strains of other places based on ITS genetic homology analysis. It was verified that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau area was less disturbed by human, and the fungi in this place exchanged less compared with other regional species. All of these strains showed the pathogenicity against the B-biotype whitefly with the mortality of more than 30%. However, a few strains of Paecilomyces lilacinus, Lecanicillium psalliotae, Aspergillus ustus, I. fumosorosea and M. anisopliae var. anisopliae had better virulence with LC50s of 0.36–26.44×106 spores/mL on post-treatment day 6–7. Especially, the L. psalliotae strain LpTS01 was the greatest virulence with LC50 of 0.36×106spores/mL and LT50 of 4.23d. Our research thus presents some new insights to discover new entomopathogenic fungal strains used for B-biotype whitefly biocontrol.
Highlights
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a complex insect species including many cryptic species or biotypes
The biocontrol technology is necessary for integrated pest management (IPM) of whitefly
The distribution of fungal entomopathogens is greatly influenced by many factors such as climate, geographical location, vegetation type, soil, organism and human activities, in addition to the characteristics of the fungi themselves
Summary
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a complex insect species including many cryptic species or biotypes. The two biotypes of B. tabaci, biotype B and biotype Q are serious invading pests in the world. They harmfully influence the production of horticultural crops by directly feeding on phloem sap, resulting in sooty mould and seriously. Whitefly's Fungal Entomopathogens from Qinghai-Tibet and Gansu Soils reducing the photosynthesis of host plants. They indirectly damage crop production by transmitting begomoviruses diseases such as tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) [1,2,3]. The biocontrol technology is necessary for integrated pest management (IPM) of whitefly
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