Abstract
This is the first report on a complete genome sequence and biological characterization of the phage that infects Arthrobacter. A novel virus vB_ArS-ArV2 (ArV2) was isolated from soil using Arthrobacter sp. 68b strain for phage propagation. Based on transmission electron microscopy, ArV2 belongs to the family Siphoviridae and has an isometric head (∼63 nm in diameter) with a non-contractile flexible tail (∼194×10 nm) and six short tail fibers. ArV2 possesses a linear, double-stranded DNA genome (37,372 bp) with a G+C content of 62.73%. The genome contains 68 ORFs yet encodes no tRNA genes. A total of 28 ArV2 ORFs have no known functions and lack any reliable database matches. Proteomic analysis led to the experimental identification of 14 virion proteins, including 9 that were predicted by bioinformatics approaches. Comparative phylogenetic analysis, based on the amino acid sequence alignment of conserved proteins, set ArV2 apart from other siphoviruses. The data presented here will help to advance our understanding of Arthrobacter phage population and will extend our knowledge about the interaction between this particular host and its phages.
Highlights
Arthrobacter sp. strains are widely distributed in the environment and have been found to be among the predominant members of culturable aerobic soil bacteria [1]
Given that arthrobacterial viruses have never been investigated at the genomic level to date, the results provided in this report offer a glimpse into the biology of bacteriophages that infect Arthrobacter
A number of strains used in this study is not large, the diversity of bacteria tested allow presuming that the host range of ArV2 is limited to Arthrobacter only
Summary
Arthrobacter sp. strains are widely distributed in the environment and have been found to be among the predominant members of culturable aerobic soil bacteria [1]. Strains are widely distributed in the environment and have been found to be among the predominant members of culturable aerobic soil bacteria [1]. The genus Arthrobacter includes a group of catalase-positive, strictly aerobic, sporogenous rod-shaped coryneform bacteria with a high mol% GC DNA composition (generally ranging from 59 to 66%) and Atype (A3a or A4a) peptidoglycans with L-lysine as the dibasic amino acid [2]. It is unsurprising that strains of the genus Arthrobacter are phenotypically heterogeneous and have been isolated from distinct sources, such as soil [3], wastewater sediments [4], clinical specimens [5], animals [6], phyllosphere [7], paintings [8], cheese [9] and air [10]. Bacteria of the genus Arthrobacter are thought to play a significant role in many ecosystems and affect human welfare
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