Isolation and characterization of Thermanaerothrix daxensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium pertaining to the phylum “ Chloroflexi”, isolated from a deep hot aquifer in the Aquitaine Basin

Abstract

A new strictly anaerobic thermophilic multicellular filamentous bacterium (0.2–0.3 μm × >100 μm), designated GNS-1 T, was isolated from a deep hot aquifer in France. It was non-motile, and stained Gram-negative. Optimal growth was observed at 65 °C, pH 7.0, and 2 g L −1 of NaCl. Strain GNS-1 T was chemoorganotrophic fermenting ribose, glucose, galactose, arabinose, fructose, mannose, maltose, sucrose, xylose, raffinose, pyruvate, and xylan. Yeast extract was required for growth. The end products of glucose fermentation were lactate, acetate, CO 2, and H 2. The G + C content of the DNA was 57.6 mol%. Its closest phylogenetic relative was Bellilinea caldifistulae with 92.5% similarity. Based on phylogenetic, genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, strain GNS-1 T (DSM 23592 T, JCM 16980 T) is proposed to be assigned to a novel species of a novel genus within the class Anaerolineae (subphylum I), phylum “ Chloroflexi”, Thermanaerothrix daxensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The GenBank accession number is HM596746.