Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter explores the streptomyces coelicolor as a model organism for gram-positive soil bacteria of high G+C content that undergoes a complex life cycle of mycelia growth and spore formation, and produces a variety of antibiotics and other drugs during the differentiation process. Its complete genome sequence information has been reported, revealing the presence of 7,825 protein-coding genes in an 8,667,507-bp linear chromosome whose G+C content is 72.1%. The number of protein-coding genes far exceeds that of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, suggesting the richness of new protein families along with more members of the known families. About 12.3% of proteins are predicted to have regulatory functions, and among them RNA polymerase sigma factors constitute one major group. The chapter reviews the majority of these sigma factors that are thought to be controlled by their cognate antisigma factors, whose coding genes, in many cases, are located immediately downstream or near the sigma factor gene.
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