Isolation and Characterization of Protease Producing Bacteria from Soil, in Arba Minch University, Abaya Campus

Temam Abrar Hamza

doi:10.11648/j.ajbes.20180401.12

Abstract

Microbes are ubiquitous and live in familiar settings such as soil, water, food and animal intestines as well as in more extreme setting such as rocks, glaciers, hot springs and deep-sea vents. They are essential component of the biodiversity as they account for 50% of the living biomass of this planet. The aim of this work was isolation and screening of protease producing bacteria from soil collected from the study area. Isolation of protease producing bacteria was performed by the serial dilution and spread plate technique using skim milk agar medium. Accordingly, 131 isolates were positive on skim milk agar and of which 13 (10%) of them are protease producer. Four best isolates were selected on the basis of their clear zone size, one from each site for further study. IS-4 has larger clear zone size with 10.5mm followed by IS-2 (6mm). All potential isolates have circular in shape of colony and flat in height of colony except IS-1 which is irregular and raised respectively. Most of potential isolates have opaque in their colonial optical density. All isolates were found to be Gram positive and spore producers. Morphological and biochemical results have revealed that three of four active enzyme producing bacteria are identified as Bacillus spp. Members of the genus Bacillus produce a large variety of extracellular enzymes (proteases) particularly significant for industrial application.

Highlights

Microorganisms are living organisms that are too small to be seen by the unaided eye which include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, microalgae, viruses and helmints
The study were focus on the isolation and screening, of protease producing bacteria from soil collected from different site of Abaya campus
Proteolytic bacteria are wide spread in nature and are able to isolate them from any ecological entities like soil, water, leaves, marine enviroment and waste and wastewater, soil is vast reservior of diverse microorganism

Summary

Introduction

Microorganisms (or Microbes) are living organisms that are too small to be seen by the unaided eye which include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, microalgae, viruses and helmints. Microbes are ubiquitous and live in familar settings such as soil, water, food and animal intestines as well as in more extreme setting such as rocks, glaciers, hot springs and deepsea vents. They are essential component of the biodiversity as they account for 50% of the living biomass of this planet. Microorganisms elaborate a large array of proteases, which are intracellular and/or extracellular. Intracellular proteases are important for various cellular and metabolic processes, such as sporulation and differentiation, protein turnover, maturation of enzymes and hormones and maintenance of the cellular protein pool. These extracellular proteases have been commercially exploited to assist protein degradation in various industrial processes [2, 3]

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