Abstract
Current cell-based therapies on musculoskeletal tissue regeneration were mostly determined in rodent models. However, a direct translation of those promising cell-based therapies to humans exists a significant hurdle. For solving this problem, canine has been developed as a new large animal model to bridge the gap from rodents to humans. In this study, we reported the isolation and characterization of urine-derived stem cells (USCs) from mature healthy beagle dogs. The isolated cells showed fibroblast-like morphology and had good clonogenicity and proliferation. Meanwhile, these cells positively expressed multiple markers of MSCs (CD29, CD44, CD90, and CD73), but negatively expressed for hematopoietic antigens (CD11b, CD34, and CD45). Additionally, after induction culturing, the isolated cells can be differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and tenogenic lineages. The successful isolation and verification of USCs from canine were useful for studying cell-based therapies and developing new treatments for musculoskeletal injuries using the preclinical canine model.
Highlights
Stem cells and tissue-derived stromal cells stimulate the repair of degenerated and injured tissues, motivating a growing number of cell-based therapies in the musculoskeletal field [1, 2]
Preclinical and clinical studies have determined that the Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from the bone marrow, peripheral blood, adipose tissue, synovium, and periosteum [3, 8, 9] have the therapeutic potential for the regeneration of injured musculoskeletal tissues, such as the bone, cartilage, tendon, enthesis, and intervertebral disc [10,11,12,13,14]
MSCs have been isolated from several canine sources, including the bone marrow, adipose tissue, synovium tissue, infrapatellar fat pad, umbilical cord vein, and ovarian tissue [8, 35,36,37,38]
Summary
Stem cells and tissue-derived stromal cells stimulate the repair of degenerated and injured tissues, motivating a growing number of cell-based therapies in the musculoskeletal field [1, 2]. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) showed a good self-renew ability and were capable of differentiating into the progeny of several lineages, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, fibroblasts, tenocytes, and myoblasts [3,4,5,6,7] It was the most commonly used cell source in cell-based therapies. Preclinical and clinical studies have determined that the MSCs isolated from the bone marrow, peripheral blood, adipose tissue, synovium, and periosteum [3, 8, 9] have the therapeutic potential for the regeneration of injured musculoskeletal tissues, such as the bone, cartilage, tendon, enthesis, and intervertebral disc [10,11,12,13,14] These types of MSCs are restricted by the invasive and painful harvesting procedures, which. Finding a stem cell harvested without invasive and painful procedures would help us escape from the dilemma of the current cell-based therapies
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