Abstract
The study was designed to evaluate the bacterial diversity of crude oil contaminated site. Sediments samples collected at different georeferenced sampling point; Nwata A, Nwata B, Nwata 3, Ochani and Eyeyaro in Ejamah-Ebubu were analyzed for microbiological and biochemical qualities using the basic biological method. Our results show that the total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (HUB) of the five sampling points range from 1.0x105 - 1.7x106cfu/g. Total aerobic hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) range from 1.0x10 4- 7.2x105cfu/g while sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) ranged between 2.2x104-1.6x105 cell/ml. Careful phenotypic and biochemical test revealed twenty oil degrader belonging to five genera; Bacilus, Citrobacter, Micrococcus, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas . The frequency of occurrence of the microbial isolate revealed Bacillus (40%), Citrobacter, (25%) Pseudomonas (15%), Enterobacter and Micrococcus (10%) . This study indicates that the contaminated sediment samples contain a diverse population of oil degrading bacteria and the use of sediment-associated microorganism has the potential for bioremediation of crude oil contaminated sites. Keywords : Georeferenced, crude oil, diversity, Bacillus, sulphate reducing bacteria
Highlights
The Ecosystem is a self-supporting unit that is made up of a living part and a non living part
Enumeration of Total Aerobic Heterotrophic Bacteria (THB) One gram of wet sediment sample was introduced into 9 ml of sterile physiological saline
The plates were incubated at room temperature (28-30 0C) for 7 days, thereafter, the viable counts as hydrocarbon degrading bacteria in the sample were taken and colonies purified by streaking on fresh nutrient agar and later stored in slants at 40C prior to characterization
Summary
The Ecosystem is a self-supporting unit that is made up of a living part and a non living part. Oil pollution poses a serious threat to many terrestrial ecosystem. It reduces biodiversity and ecosystem productivity (Kinako, 1981; Kinako, 1988). The adjourning stream, Ochani stream became impacted from the released crude oil, the stream traverses a distance of about 3km and empties into the bonny rivers close to the Onne seaport near Port Harcourt. It is a very costly approach to treat oil contaminated site by conventional methods such as the use of chemicals; this conventional methods can be replaced by microorganism or engineered microorganism which can detoxify the contaminants into lesser toxic compounds (Baker, 1999; Owens et al, 1999). The present study was undertaken with a view to isolate and characterized hydrocarbon utilizing microorganism from oil contaminated site of over 40 years
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