Abstract
Eggs continue to be significant in terms of the world economy and human nutrition and routine non-therapeutic antimicrobial use and overcrowding in animal farming may facilitate the propagation of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of MR Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in table eggs production. Three hundred and fifty eggs represent 35 samples from balady egg and 35 sample from poultry farm egg (each sample 5 egg) were tested for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus. These findings are important for local risk assessments concerning possible human foodborne infections via cross-contamination of eggs. S. aureus was isolated from balady and poultry farm egg shell in percentage of 57.1 and 80 %, also S. aureus could be isolated from the content of balady and poultry farm egg in percentages of 74.4 and 85.8 %, respectively. In addition, S. aureus was identified by the coagulase test and our findings showed that 37.1 and 51.4% of examined samples of balady and poultry farm, respectively were coagulase positive S. aureus. Notably, 34.3% and 48.6% of coagulase positive S. aureus isolates were isolated from balady and poultry farm egg contents, respectively. The results revealed that the incidence ofcoagulase negative staphylococci on examined balady egg shell and contents were 20 and 40%, respectively.Coagulase negative staphylococci was isolated in a percentage of 10 (28.6%) and 13) 37.1%) from examined poultry farms egg shells and contents. Identification mecA gene carriage, hence MRSA, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that 3 from 10 samples were positive for mecA by using (PCR) in percentage of (30%). Risk of egg borne disease strongly increases because of unhygienic conditions of egg production and improper practices of egg handling, including also storage times and temperatures. If all the necessary precautions are not taken during the poultry production, marketing and processing chains in that case poultry meat and eggs can be contaminated by infectious agents that are harmful to humans.
Highlights
Table eggs are nutritionally important food consumed globally
Humans have been fighting the battle against antimicrobial resistance among bacteria; the disease caused by resistant S. aureus strains among those on prolonged antibiotic therapy may be difficult to be controlled
The presence of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in eggs is a matter of food safety and alternatively a source of dissemination of resistant strains to humans through the food chain
Summary
Table eggs are nutritionally important food consumed globally. Despite being protected inside the hard shell and a semipermeable membrane, the egg contents may be contaminated with microbes and become a possible carrier of infectious agents to humans. Table eggs are consumed worldwide and are considered the most nutritious inexpensive source of protein that can be part of a healthy diet. Poultry may carry bacteria that can cause illness, infected birds do not usually appear sick and even unbroken clean fresh shell eggs may contain harmful bacteria. Special attention has been paid for raw or undercooked eggs because the hens act as natural reservoirs of a variety of pathogens. The contamination occurs through the shell; but
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