Abstract
Cellulose had been isolated from rice husk waste and sawdust with chemical method through hydrolysis with HCl 2.5 N and bleaching process with H2O23%.The yields were 13,45% and 22,75% (w/w) of cellulose from rice husk waste and sawdust, respectively. The chemical treatment caused partial removal of lignin and hemicellulose from raw material showed by FTIR spectrum. Structure and morphology of cellulose from rice husk waste and sawdust were investigated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The XRD patterns showed cellulose structure converted from amorphous to crystalline form after bleaching process while SEM images showed that the isolated cellulose from rice husk waste had rougher surface than cellulose from sawdust. The SEM micrograph also showed that the isolated cellulose from rice husk was in the form of aggregates.
Highlights
Agricultural wastes such as rice husk and sawdust are not currently fully utilized as source of cellulose especially in Aceh
Characterization of cellulose Isolated cellulose from rice husk waste and sawdust were characterized by optical microscope,Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)(FEI,Type: Inspect-S50) in SEM Laboratory FMIPA ITB, FT-IR spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Whatman, MA) in Instrument Laboratory FMIPA Unsyiah and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) in Material Laboratory FMIPA Unsyiah
From a total weight of 25 g of samples,the isolation process with chemical method, obtained 3.35g and 5.69 g of isolated cellulose from rice husk and sawdust, or 13.45% and 22.76% (w/w), respectively. This result was lower than other research that yielded about 35% of cellulose from rice husk [1,2] and about 33% of cellulose from sawdust [3]
Summary
Abstract.Cellulose is the biomass that is most found in plants, bacteria, and marine organisms. It is not found in pure conditions in nature because always bound to other materials such as lignin, hemicellulose, silica, wax, and ash.Cellulose had been isolated from rice husk waste and sawdust with chemical method through hydrolysis with HCl 2.5 N and bleaching process with H2O23%.The yields were 13,45% and 22,75% (w/w)of cellulose from rice husk waste and sawdust, respectively. The XRD patterns showed cellulose structure converted from amorphous to crystalline form after bleaching process while SEM images showed that the isolated cellulose from rice husk waste had rougher surface than cellulose from sawdust.
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