Abstract
Forty-nine colonies were isolated from Antarctic surface seawater sample inoculated on Marine agar plates containing 1.45 μM H2O2. These bacteria were all endospore-forming, strictly aerobic and motile rods. Their cell extracts showed high catalase activity of 1200±295 U/mg. High activity of the catalase at low temperatures was in accordance with the environmental conditions under which the microorganisms lived. Identification of the Antarctic seawater isolates by several morphological, biochemical and cultural methods showed that they belonged to the same species, among which the strain N2a was chosen as representative. This strain was determined to be a member ofBacillus according to its 16S rDNA and fatty acids profile. However, culturing properties (growth at 4 °C and in 6% NaCl) and relatively high unsaturated fatty acids (> 40%) of the strain N2a were different from those of the 16S rDNA phylogenetic relatives, exhibiting the characteristics of psychrotolerant marine bacteria. Thus these results supported the hypothesis that the Antarctic isolates were novel species of the genusBacillus.
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