Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study is to find out the resistance pattern of pathogenic organisms isolated from intra-abdominal infection (IAI). Methods: A total of 500 samples were collected from suspected IAIs of patients reporting to the hospital and cultured. Identification of the isolates was done using standard identification protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpretation was done using Central Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Results: Out of 500 samples, 170 were culture positive and 330 showed no growth. Gram-negative organisms (n=127) outnumbered the Gram-positive organisms (n=23). Among the Gram-negative organisms, Escherichia coli (n=67) was the most commonly isolated bacilli followed by Klebsiella sp. (n=32), Pseudomonas sp. (n=25), Acinetobacter baumannii (n=18), and Klebsiella oxytoca (n=05). Among Gram-positive organisms Staphylococcus aureus (n=17) and Enterococcus spp (n=06) isolates of were grown in culture. Among Gram-negative bacilli, Imipenem followed by Gentamicin was the most effective drug but in Acinetobacter spp. The second most effective drug was Tigecycline. Among Gram-positive isolates, Linezolid was the most effective drug. Conclusion: Prompt starting of empirical antimicrobials based on the local susceptibility pattern, followed by modification of treatment in accordance with the antimicrobial susceptibility report can significantly reduce the morbidity and the mortality associated with IAIs.
Highlights
Intra-abdominal infections (IAI’s) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and common cause of hospitalized patients [1]
According to the Infectious Diseases Society of America, complicated intra-abdominal infection (IAI) is defined as an infection that extends beyond the wall of a hollow viscous of source into the abdominal cavity while being related with an abscess or peritonitis [3]
Antimicrobial management plays a vital role in critically ill patients with IAIs as selection of wrong antimicrobial can cause therapeutically failure which can lead to further mortality rate [6]
Summary
Intra-abdominal infections (IAI’s) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and common cause of hospitalized patients [1]. Management of IAIs requires the involvement of multiple modalities such as surgeries as well as treatment with antimicrobials [5]. Hospitalacquired IAIs are associated with higher mortality rates because of compromised patient’s immunity due to underlying illness and infections with multidrug-resistant organisms [1]. Antimicrobial management plays a vital role in critically ill patients with IAIs as selection of wrong antimicrobial can cause therapeutically failure which can lead to further mortality rate [6]. Growing emergence of resistance to multiple drugs and dearth of local data on antimicrobial resistance pattern of IAIs is the cause of concern for the management of IAIs [8]. By keeping in mind the above facts, the present study was planned to determine the resistance pattern of pathogenic organisms isolated from IAIs
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