Abstract
Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) strains were isolated at 39.5 °C to rule out temperature-sensitive strains (ts+) and identified using random amplification of polymorphic DNA. Then, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC100) were calculated in isolated strains from broiler breeders and laying hens vaccinated with ts+ MS-H and ts+ MG TS-11 vaccines in Mexico. We sampled 631 lots of hens. A total of 28 of the 123 MS isolates and 12 of the 23 MG isolates were analyzed using random amplification of polymorphic DNA, of which 24 and 3 matched the DNA banding patterns of the MS-H and MG-F strains, respectively. The isolated MS and MG strains were sensitive to tiamulin and tylosin and showed intermediate sensitivity or resistance to lincomycin, florfenicol, erythromycin, enrofloxacin, and curcumin. Although both the MS and MG strains were sensitive to the same antibiotics (MIC100 lower than 1 mg mL−1), the MG strains were 5 to 10 times more sensitive than the MS strains. MS is the most frequently isolated mycoplasma in Mexican poultry production. The MS vaccine used (ts+ MS-H) could reverse its thermosensitivity and therefore could regain its virulence. MS was less sensitive to tiamulin and tylosin compared to MG.
Highlights
Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) are the most important Mycoplasma species for commercial poultry in Mexico
Isolates, 28 were analyzed using Random amplification of the polymorphic DNA (RAPD), 24 presented DNA banding patterns matching those of the MS-H strain, and four presented different DNA banding patterns
Of the 23 MG isolates, 12 were analyzed using RAPD, three presented DNA banding patterns matching those of the MG-F strain, and nine were untyped strains with DNA banding patterns different from those of the vaccine control strains (Table 2)
Summary
Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) are the most important Mycoplasma species for commercial poultry in Mexico These species have been recognized as the cause of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) [1,2,3]. They decrease the fertile egg production in broiler breeders, cause late-stage embryonic death, or result in the births of infected chicks that later develop CRD. This disease suppresses the innate immune responses of the respiratory system and predisposes the bird to infection with Escherichia coli, producing complicated CRD (CCRD) [4]. CCRD is responsible for significant economic losses as it causes polyserositis, septicemia, and death in poultry farms as well as seizures at slaughterhouses [1,2].
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