Abstract
Insulin-dependent diabetes is a multifactorial disorder characterized by beta-cell dysfunction that results in metabolic failure. Isolated islets remain a lucrative area of diabetes research as these are miniature organ systems that are able to secrete insulin upon appropriate stimulation without nervous control. This review encompasses the mechanisms responsible for beta cell destruction and regeneration from both beta and non-beta cells. Isolated islets are potential model for in vitro antidiabetic drug development screening of antihyperglycemic agents and elucidating their mechanism of actions. In this review various protocols of islet isolation have been discussed with their relative rates of success with regard to yield purity islet health morphology and stability in culture conditions. Various islet protecting compounds of natural origin along with their mechanism of action have also been reviewed.
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