Abstract
Blepharospasm (BSM) is a form of cranial dystonia caused by involuntary bilateral eye closure produced by contractions of orbicularis oculi muscles, often accompanied by dystonic movements of the eyebrows, paranasal, facial, masticatory, labial, lingual, oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal and cervical muscles1-3. In most instances, BSM is idiopathic. However, cases associated with lesions in rostral brainstem or other parts of basal ganglia (multiple sclerosis, stroke, thalamotomy and autoimmune disorders) have been described 1,3,4 […] Isolated frontalis, corrugator and procerus dystonia – a blepharospasm [...]
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