Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) may trigger tolerance against biotic/abiotic stresses and growth enhancement in plants. In this study, an endophytic bacterial strain from rapeseed was isolated to assess its role in enhancing plant growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses, as well as banded leaf and sheath blight disease in maize. Based on 16S rDNA and BIOLOG test analysis, the 330-2 strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The strain produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, lytic enzymes and solubilized different sources of organic/inorganic phosphates and zinc. Furthermore, the strain strongly suppressed the in vitro growth of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, Cochliobolus heterostrophus, and Nigrospora oryzae. The strain also significantly increased the seedling growth (ranging 14–37%) of rice and maize. Removing PCR analysis indicated that 114 genes were differentially expressed, among which 10%, 32% and 10% were involved in antibiotic production (e.g., srfAA, bae, fen, mln, and dfnI), metabolism (e.g., gltA, pabA, and ggt) and transportation of nutrients (e.g., fhu, glpT, and gltT), respectively. In summary, these results clearly indicate the effectiveness and mechanisms of B. subtilis strain 330-2 in enhancing plant growth, as well as tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses, which suggests that the strain has great potential for commercialization as a vital biological control agent.
Highlights
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB)[1] colonize the plant rhizosphere, which enhances the plant growth and control of soil-borne diseases[2]
The present study was conducted to isolate an antagonistic B. subtilis strain 330-2 that can efficiently control a wide range of phytopathogens
The BIOLOG micro plate assay has mainly been used for bacterial biocontrol agents in unraveling their specific carbon sources
Summary
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB)[1] colonize the plant rhizosphere, which enhances the plant growth and control of soil-borne diseases[2]. The endophytic Bacillus spp. do not cause any visible damage or morphological alterations to the host These bacteria can be beneficial for the survival of the host species against environmental stresses and microbial competition[6, 7]. The isolation and identification of differentially expressed genes was performed using several methods, including differential analysis of library expression (DAZLE)[24], representational difference analysis (RDA)[25], differential display and related techniques[26], enzymatic degradation subtraction[27], techniques involving physical removal of common sequences[28], linker capture subtraction[29], and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH)[30] These methods are vital and possess some intrinsic drawbacks, such as the fact that the sequence must be known in advance. We performed this experiment to identify the antagonism-related genes from B. subtilis strain 330-2 using the most advanced R-PCR technique
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