Abstract

<p class="p1"><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Gelatin adalah sejenis <em>derivate </em>protein dari serat kolagen yang dapat diekstraksi dari tulang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu ekstraksi terhadap hasil ekstraksi isolasi gelatin dari tulang ikan nila. Tahapan isolasi gelatin meliputi <em>degreasing </em>menggunakan air, demineralisasi dengan rasio bubuk tulang ikan nila dan aquades 1:10 (b/v), serta ekstraksi. Ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut aquades dengan rasio ossein dan aquades 1:10 (b/v). Suhu ekstraksi divariasi 50<span class="s1">o</span>C, 60<span class="s1">o</span>C, dan 85<span class="s1">o</span>C, dengan lama waktu 1 jam, 3 jam, dan 5 jam. Gelatin terbanyak diperoleh pada suhu 60<span class="s1">o</span>C dengan waktu 1 jam sebesar 0,86 gram (rendemen 9,55%). Uji terhadap gelatin diperoleh viskositas gelatin 1,442-2,844 cp, pH gelatin 5,2-6,8, dan kadar abu sebesar 2,143-2,778%. Uji FTIR menunjukkan bahwa produk mengandung gugus fungsi amina dan karbonil pada panjang gelombang 1206,53 cm<span class="s1">-1</span>, 1270,18 cm<span class="s1">-1</span>, dan 1286,58 cm<span class="s1">-1</span>. Gelatin yang diperoleh memenuhi standar mutu gelatin komersial.</p><em><span lang="EN"><strong>Abstract.</strong> Gelatin is a type of protein derivate from collagen fibers that can be extracted from bone. This study aims to determine the effects of temperature and extraction time on the extract of isolated gelatin from tilapia fish bones. Gelatin isolation stages include degreasing using water, demineralization with a ratio of 1:10 (w/v) tilapia bone powder and distilled water, and extraction. The extraction used distilled water with a ratio of ossein and distilled water 1:10 (w/v). The extraction temperature was varied at 50<sup>o</sup>C, 60<sup>o</sup>C, and 85<sup>o</sup>C, for 1 hour, 3 hours, and 5 hours. The highest yield of gelatin was obtained at a temperature of 60<sup>o</sup>C in 1 hour, i.e. 0.86 g (yield of 9.55%). The test on gelatin obtained the gelatin viscosity from 1,442-2,844 cP, gelatin pH 5,2-6,8, and ash content of 2,143-2,778%. The FTIR test showed that the product contained amine and carbonyl functional groups at the wavelengths of 1206.53 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 1270.18 <sup>cm-1</sup>, and 1286.58 cm<sup>-1</sup>. The gelatin obtained meets the commercial gelatin quality standards.</span></em>

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