Abstract
Os estreptomicetos são conhecidos pela produção de metabólitos secundários, como antibióticos e enzimas extracelulares, que atuam na degradação de moléculas complexas e recalcitrantes, desempenhando papel importante nos processos de compostagem. Neste sentido, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da inoculação e incubação de solo com isolados de estreptomicetos, no crescimento inicial de mudas de tomateiro, foram avaliados seis isolados de estreptomicetos, mais o controle não inoculado. O solo foi inoculado com os estreptomicetos e incubado por 20 dias, antes do plantio. Após 30 dias, as mudas foram coletadas para determinação da altura, diâmetro do caule, massa seca da parte aérea e raízes e acúmulo de nutrientes na parte aérea. Os isolados de estreptomicetos promoveram incrementos significativos no crescimento e acúmulo de nutrientes, nas mudas de tomateiro. Acredita-se que a incubação do solo, por 35 dias, antes do plantio, garanta o tempo necessário para que os estreptomicetos atuem na mineralização da matéria orgânica, disponibilizando nutrientes para o crescimento das plantas.
Highlights
Oebalus poecilus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is considered the most important rice pest in South and Central America (Sutherland & Baharally 2003), feeding on its panicles, mainly in irrigated rice areas
Significant effects of neem oil and concentration factors were observed for the variable feeding sheaths of O. poecilus per spikelet (p < 0.0001) (Table 1)
Neem oils significantly reduced the damage in rice grains, caused by O. poecilus males and females, in comparison with the positive control (Table 2)
Summary
Oebalus poecilus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is considered the most important rice pest in South and Central America (Sutherland & Baharally 2003), feeding on its panicles, mainly in irrigated rice areas. The damage caused by this bug is characterized by the presence of scars on rice grains, known as feeding sheaths, located where insects introduced their stylets. In those scars, grains become weak and can cleave at milling, causing damages to grain quality. Qualitative damage depends on the population density and on the insect development stage. As this insect is a vector of fungi (Kennard 1966), the intensity of scars in grains can increase, according to the O. poecillus feeding activity (Silva et al 2002)
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