Abstract
A distinction is made between island arcs of geosynclinal and volcanic origin in the southwest Pacific, representing successive stages of crustal evolution in the region. The atypical linearity of the Tonga—Kermadec Arc, the northward bulge of the Tonga “salient”, and the abrupt truncation of the geosynclinal arc at the eastern margin of the New Zealand Plateau, are attributed to northeastward movement of the crustal segment in which these features lie. The concept of a “Melanesian Rise”, supposed to extend northward through New Zealand as a rise of oceanic type, is questioned.
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