Abstract
Critical thinking is a very important intellectual tool that could help a person form arguments, determine the credibility of sources, analyse presumptions or make decisions in various contexts. Hence, this study intended to examine the Western and Islamic critical thinking concepts as well as its significance according to the al-Quran and the views of scholars. The library research method was used extensively for collecting and analysing data, which was sourced from literature by philosophers, psychologists and Islamic scientists, especially those involved in the cognitive field. The conceptual framework was built using the content analysis method. According on the analysis, the importance of Islamic critical thinking based on the al-Quran and views of scholars in the cognitive field were extensively elaborated to assist in the practice of Islamic critical thinking. The study found similarities and differences between Islamic and Western critical thinking. The similarities are from the rational utilization aspect and the difference is from the value of truth aspect, whereby Islamic critical thinking accepts divine deliverance (wahyu) as the main source of reference when thinking so that the product of thinking eventually becomes the absolute truth. Hence, the major significance of Islamic critical thinking is to enhance the faith (iman) and piousness (takwa) towards Allah SWT by contemplating and examining nature. At the same time, critical thinking helps a person to face contemporary challenges and solve problems related to every aspect of life. Moreover, critical thinking activities are greatly demanded in Islam so that the mind bestowed by Allah SWT is not neglected and is used properly without transgressing HIS divine deliverance (wahyu).
Highlights
IntroductionThe field of critical thinking is nothing new in the world of knowledge and intellect
The field of critical thinking is nothing new in the world of knowledge and intellect. It has developed in line with human thinking from time immorable
It does not refer to activities that just criticise, but rather, offer arguments that could be accepted rationally based on established laws of logical thinking
Summary
The field of critical thinking is nothing new in the world of knowledge and intellect. It has developed in line with human thinking from time immorable. It has earned its place in the educational curriculum, both in the Islamic and Western worlds. It is a pedagogical strategy and type of thinking that supports the approach to learning in all fields of the curriculum (Maria Salih, 2013). To understand the concept and understanding of critical thinking from various Islamic and Western perspectives, especially the views of philosophers, psychologists and scientists, who are involved in the field of cognitive studies. To examine the importance of critical thinking based on the al-Quran and the views of scholars
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