ISIS 449884 Injection Add-On to Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Clinical Study.

Abstract

ISIS 449884, a 2'-O-methoxyethyl antisense oligonucleotide that targets the glucagon receptor (GCGR), has demonstrated an ability to reduce hepatic glucose output and lower the blood glucose level. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of ISIS 449884 as an add-on to metformin in a population of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This was a multicenter, placebo-controlled (2:1), randomized, double-blind, parallel-enrollment, multiple-dose phase II study in Chinese patients with T2DM. A total of 90 patients who were uncontrolled by stable metformin monotherapy were randomized into three cohorts. Thirty subjects were enrolled in each cohort and received injections of ISIS 449884 (50mg or 60mg weekly or 100mg every other week) or a corresponding volume of placebo (0.25mL and 0.3mL weekly or 0.5mL every other week) subcutaneously in a 2:1 ratio for 16weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was analyzed in 88 subjects (ISIS 449884, n = 59; placebo, n = 29). The corrected LS mean change from baseline in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at week 17 in the pooled ISIS 449884 treatment group was -1.31% (95% CI -1.66%, -0.96%), and that in the pooled placebo group was 0.15% (95% CI -0.37%, 0.66%). The LS mean difference between the two groups was -1.46% (95% CI -1.92%, -1.00%, P < 0.001). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 53/60 subjects (88.3%) and 25/30 subjects (83.3%) in the pooled ISIS 449884 treatment group and the pooled placebo group, respectively, with similar incidences. Drug-related TEAEs occurred in 41/60 subjects (68.3%) and 9/30 subjects (30.0%), respectively. TEAEs of grade 3 or higher occurred in 5/60 (8.3%) subjects and 2/30 (6.7%) subjects, respectively, and none of them were drug related. The ISIS 449884 injection add-on to metformin significantly reduced HbA1c in patients with T2DM uncontrolled by stable metformin monotherapy and showed an acceptable benefit/risk profile. www.chinadrugtrials.org.cn , CTR20191096.