Abstract
ObjectiveEnd-stage coagulation and the structure/function of fibrin are implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. We explored whether genetic variants associated with end-stage coagulation in healthy REFVIDunteers account for the genetic predisposition to ischemic stroke and examined their influence on stroke subtype.MethodsCommon genetic variants identified through genome-wide association studies of coagulation factors and fibrin structure/function in healthy twins (n = 2,100, Stage 1) were examined in ischemic stroke (n = 4,200 cases) using 2 independent samples of European ancestry (Stage 2). A third clinical collection having stroke subtyping (total 8,900 cases, 55,000 controls) was used for replication (Stage 3).ResultsStage 1 identified 524 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 23 linkage disequilibrium blocks having significant association (p < 5 × 10–8) with 1 or more coagulation/fibrin phenotypes. The most striking associations included SNP rs5985 with factor XIII activity (p = 2.6 × 10–186), rs10665 with FVII (p = 2.4 × 10–47), and rs505922 in the ABO gene with both von Willebrand factor (p = 4.7 × 10–57) and factor VIII (p = 1.2 × 10–36). In Stage 2, the 23 independent SNPs were examined in stroke cases/noncases using MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph (MORGAM) and Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 collections. SNP rs505922 was nominally associated with ischemic stroke (odds ratio = 0.94, 95% confidence interval = 0.88–0.99, p = 0.023). Independent replication in Meta-Stroke confirmed the rs505922 association with stroke, beta (standard error, SE) = 0.066 (0.02), p = 0.001, a finding specific to large-vessel and cardioembolic stroke (p = 0.001 and p = < 0.001, respectively) but not seen with small-vessel stroke (p = 0.811).InterpretationABO gene variants are associated with large-vessel and cardioembolic stroke but not small-vessel disease. This work sheds light on the different pathogenic mechanisms underpinning stroke subtype. Ann Neurol 2013
Highlights
We explored whether genetic variants associated with end-stage coagulation in healthy volunteers account for the genetic predisposition to ischemic stroke and examined their influence on stroke subtype
None of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was significantly associated with ischemic stroke in this study group or in Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2), there was a suggestion of an effect for rs505922 in both MORGAM (T allele, beta 5 20.126, p 5 0.067) and WTCCC2 (T allele, beta 5 20.054, p 5 0.097)
Ischemic stroke accounts for considerable morbidity and mortality in Western countries, and treatment is limited at present
Summary
Sudha Seshadri, MD,[20,21] Anita DeStefano, PhD,[20,21] Andreas Gschwendtner, Dr med,[7] Bruce Psaty, MD, PhD,[23,24,25,26]. MPH, PhD,[28] Yu-Ching Cheng, PhD,[28] Robert Clarke, MD,[29] Marco Ferrario, MD,[30]. PhD,[31] Christopher Levi, BSc, MBBS,[32,33,34] John Attia, MD, PhD,[32,33,34] Elizabeth G. PhD,[39] Alun Evans, MD,[40] Aarno Palotie, MD, PhD,[3,4,5,11] Hugh S. MD, FRCP,[6] Peter J. MD, FRCP,[2] Tim D. MD, FRCP,[1] on Behalf of the EuroCLOT Investigators, the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2, MOnica Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph, MetaStroke, and the International Stroke Genetics Consortium
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