Abstract
Stroke in children is being increasingly recognized as a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Children and adolescents with stroke have remarkable differences in presentation compared with adults. Sickle cell disease is a major risk factor of overt and silent strokes in children. Cervicocephalic arterial dissection is an important but probably under-recognized cause of stroke in children. Cerebral vasculitis may be considered in children with either ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, especially recurrent strokes. Cardiac disease is present in 10–30 % of children with stroke. Owing to the frequency of stroke mimics in childhood, the diagnosis requires the imaging confirmation of an ischemic lesion.
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