Abstract
Most well sources are considered groundwater, but some wells, especially shallow wells near surface water, are subject to contamination by disease‐causing organisms from surface water. Under the new Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), all groundwater that is “under the direct influence of surface water” (GWUI) must be treated like surface water. Groundwater sources most likely to be under the influence of surface water include springs, infiltration galleries, Ranney wells, and shallow wells. The state decides whether the groundwater system is under the influence of surface water and classify them. How the state decides, planning for change, modifying sources, and compliance requirements are summarized.
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