Is topical lidocaine beneficial before catheter insertion in esophageal manometry and ambulatory pH monitoring?

Abstract

Conventionally, topical anesthesia is applied to improve the tolerance of esophageal manometry (EM) and ambulatory pH monitoring (apH) but there is presently no evidence supporting this practice. We aimed to compare the tolerance of EM and apH with vs without topical lidocaine anesthesia. A prospective study was conducted at our center between January 2017 and January 2019. All patients who underwent EM or apH and completed a systematically distributed standardized patient survey were included. From January 2017 to June 2018, all patients had a viscous lidocaine solution applied before EM and apH ("lidocaine" group). After June 2018, we ceased applying any topical anesthesia ("no lidocaine" group). Patient-reported adverse effects and satisfaction scores were compared between these two patient groups. Two hundred forty-nine patient surveys were included. "Lidocaine" (n=124) and "no lidocaine" (n=125) groups were similar in age (56.9±14.0 vs 56.0±13.7; P=.77) and gender distributions (65.9% vs 63.3% female; P=.68). Patients in the "lidocaine" group were less likely to report pain during catheter insertion (33.6% vs 50.8%; P=.007, OR: 0.49 [95% CI 0.29-0.83]) and reported a lower overall pain score (2.82±1.38 vs 3.20±1.42 on 5; P=.04). There was a tendency toward increased global satisfaction with lidocaine application but that was not statistically significant (4.36±1.05 vs 4.11±1.13; P=.08). In subgroup analyses, female patients, younger patients, and patients who underwent EM were more likely to benefit from lidocaine application. Application of topical lidocaine before esophageal motility tests reduces pain during catheter insertion and overall pain.